Working backwards from the goal
Most savings advice starts with what is left over at the end of the month, which is why most savings goals are missed. This calculator starts from the target instead and solves for the deposit, using the future value of an annuity rearranged for the payment:
PMT = FV × r / ((1 + r)n − 1)
Anything already saved is grown forward at the same rate first, then subtracted from the target, so you only have to fund the gap.
Make it automatic
A standing order dated for the day after payday consistently outperforms good intentions. It removes the monthly decision, and the money is gone before it can be reallocated to something else.
Choosing the rate
For a goal within two or three years, use a rate you can actually get on a high-yield savings account or fixed-term deposit, and keep the money out of the stock market — a 20% drawdown a month before completion on a house deposit is not a risk worth carrying. For goals more than five years out, a higher long-run return becomes reasonable, with the volatility that comes with it.
Emergency funds first
Before saving towards anything optional, most planners suggest three to six months of essential spending in an instant-access account. Calculate that figure here first, then start on the goal that comes after it. Once you are saving, the compound interest calculator shows how those deposits grow over time.